Political Thoughts of Muslim Political Philosophers in Medieval Islam: Critical Discourse

Abstract

This research article offers a thorough and analytical exploration of the political ideologies espoused by notable Muslim political philosophers in the medieval Islamic period. The analysis commences by examining the political philosophy of Abu al-Hasan al-Mawardi. His notions regarding the just and efficient ruler and the importance of religious law adherence are examined within the framework of his wider socio-political context. The research then examines al-Farabi's political thought. The philosopher-king, ideal governance, and virtuous city are examined to determine their impact on medieval political discourse. This study delves deeper into the political philosophy of Ibn-e-Tamiya’s endorsement of the concept of jihad as a means of governance. Furthermore, this study encompasses an examination of the political ideologies put forth by Ibn-e-Muqaffah, a renowned figure in the field of translating Greek manuscripts into the Arabic language. Additionally, this research aims to explore the significant role played by Ibn-e-Muqaffah in advocating for the implementation of rational governance. Ibn-e-Khaldun's renowned work, "Muqaddimah," holds substantial scholarly value due to its examination of the cyclical patterns inherent in political systems and the influence of social cohesion on the longevity of states. This study also investigates the contributions of Ibn Bajja and Ibn-e-Rushd, whose focus on rationality in political matters played a significant role in fostering a multifaceted intellectual milieu. In summary, this comprehensive analysis sheds light on the diverse array of political ideologies that arose from Muslim political philosophers during the medieval Islamic era. The concepts and perspectives of these academics persistently influence and mold present-day dialogues concerning governance, justice, and the interplay between religion and the state within the Muslim world.